Lectures: the teacher/instructor presents a series of theories, facts, or principles, explores a problem, or explains relationships

Lectures may be given face-to-face in classrooms, on-line in real time, or be recorded for the student to watch in their own time.

E-learning: teaching can be based in or out of classrooms, where the use of computers and the internet forms the major component of e-learning based teaching.

Blended learning combines online educational materials and opportunities for interaction online with traditional classroom methods.

Flipped classroom: the student studies at home – for example, watching pre-recorded lessons or instructional videos, or other videos from online web pages and completing in-class assignments or group work, in contrast to hearing lectures in class and doing homework at home.

The use of educational technology platforms such as Moodle, Blackboard, Canvas, Kahoot, Padlet, makes learning material available on a 24-hour basis.

Webinars: on-line lessons, in which the students participate directly on the internet, rather than appearing at a physical address. The teacher gives his/her presentation online via his/her screen, the students listen from their PC or tablet/smartphone.

Simulation exercises are a form of practice, training, monitoring or evaluation of capabilities involving the description or simulation of a scenario, to which a described or simulated response is made.

Laboratory exercises are a procedure involving experiments with materials or facts derived from investigations or experimentation.

Exposing students to real-life working environment by organising field trips and on-site visits or inviting speaker from the industry to give presentations in class.

Sailing time, work experience: the student works as a trainee in a shipping company or other practice-based work environment.

Student exchange: students are studying with another educational institution for a limited period of time.

AR/VR: working in a virtual reality provides the possibility to place the students in a situation, places and ideas by experiencing them as if they were actually there.

A digitalised environment when real life is not an option.

Interactive teaching methods promote and encourage inquisitive students more than formal lecture styles of learning – research suggests that minimal learning is achieved through lectures. Teaching methods need to inspire, challenge, engage and encourage application of learning.

The choice of teaching methods for each package can be justified.

Latest technology available would help to set minimum guidelines/expectations of requirements to promote consistency of delivery.

Flipped learning will be effective when supported with follow-up activity in which the student can apply their learning and can then debate with tutor or peers. This application of learning can then be used to monitor and review progress. Application of all learning is key.  This application may also take such forms as simulator activity, classroom activity and case studies. Best practice would be interaction activity.

Student exchange could result in real and positive learning experiences. Careful monitoring and review of the impact would be required.

Learning and teaching strategies

LECTURE (large lecture theatre style delivery)

ONSITE CLASSROOM LEARNING

COLLABORATIVE LEARNING  

E-LEARNING

WEBINARS

AR/VR

Figure 3 learning and teaching strategies